Table 2 Pumice sand properties obtained from in-situ measurement and laboratory tests

Specific gravity

2.664

Bulk density (g/cm³)

1.503

Dry density (g/cm³)

0.888

Relative density (%)

≈50

Void ratio, e

2.00

Uniformity coefficient (C_u)

8.19

Coefficient of curvature (C_c)

1.03

Saturated hydraulic conductivity, k_s (m/s)

4.42x10⁻⁵

Suction head, ψ (mm)

240

Volumetric water content deficit, Δw

0.09

Internal friction angle, ϕ′ (^o)

39.0