Table 1 Summary of deterministic and statistical coseismic landslide models
From: Coseismic landslide susceptibility assessment using geographic information system
Method | Model | Description | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
Deterministic | Newmark (Pseudo-static) | - calculates the coseismic landslide likelihood based on the dynamic stability of the slope and the earthquake ground motion. - appropriate for site specific coseismic landslide assessment and suitable for fairly stiff materials. - highly simplistic and contains many assumptions - Newmark’s method treats a landslide as a rigid-plastic body | Newmark 1965; Sarma 1975; Yegian et al. 1992; Bray et al. 1998; Saygili and Rathje 2008 |
Stress-deformation analysis | - based on the mathematical methods. - uses the finite-element model to estimate the strain potential at each node based on cyclic laboratory shear test of soil samples. - gives the most accurate explanation of slope behaviour during an earthquake - require high quality and sophisticated soil constitutive models - requires high quality and quantity of data - requires undisturbed soil samples and extensive laboratory analysis | ||
Statistic | Regression | - regression equations were generated using the data derived from the Newmark displacement model. - Needs extensive data on strong-motion and coseismic landslide occurrences - suitable only for large number of earthquake strong motion data and for rapid preliminary screening of sites. | |
Integrated frequency ratio (FR) and logistic regression (LR) | - analyses various factors that might affect coseismic landslide - provides better explanation of relationship among the factors that might affect coseismic landslide - needs an extensive field survey and observation. - the results are sensitive to the data quality | Umar et al. 2014 | |
Attenuation model | - derives from the Newmark displacement model - needs extensive data on strong-motion and coseismic landslide occurrences. - Needs a data set of Newmark displacement | ||
Bayesian Network | - analyses various factors that might affect coseismic landslides - provides graphically and probabilistically of correlative and causal relationship among variables. - provides a natural way of handling missing data - can be easily combined with other analytic tools to aid management - difficult to treat continuous data - needs the accurate data on landslide occurrences | Song et al. 2012 |