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Table 1 Characteristic of the stratums in construction site

From: The deformation of retaining piles and ground surface under various support systems during deep excavation

Stratum

Thickness (m)

Average thickness (m)

Characteristics description

Miscellaneous fill

2.00~4.50

2.97

Variegated in color, and with loose structure.

Silty clay

0.70~3.40

1.87

Brownish yellow in color, and in soft-plastic state.

Fill

4.60~7.20

5.73

Grey in color, and in soft-plastic state.

Clay

0.70~3.00

1.65

Yellow in color, and in hard-plastic state.

Clay with lime concretion

1.90~3.20

2.74

Brownish yellow in color, and in-hard plastic state. Particle size of lime concretion is 0.50~5.00 cm.

-1 Clay

4.20~7.30

5.39

Brownish yellow in color, and in-hard plastic state.

Sandstone

4.60~7.20

6.16

Purple in color, and strongly weathered.

-11 Limestone

4.00~7.10

5.00

Grey in color, and slightly weathered.