Table 1 List of datasets used in this study

Daily rainfall 2000–2020 from 498 stations

Daily

PU Sumberdaya Air (PUSAIR)

Monthly gridded runoff data

Monthly/ ~ 4 km

University of California Merced / Google Earth Engine

https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/IDAHO_EPSCOR_TERRACLIMATE

Watershed boundary, morphological zone, and river network

Shapefile

Directorate of Watershed Planning and Controlling—KLHK

Elevation- DEM

30 m

https://earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/articles/new-aster-gdem

Land surface temperature

8 day/1 km

MODIS – MOD11

https://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/dataprod/mod11.php

NDVI – GVF

16 day/30 m

Landsat 7 – 8

https://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/