From: A community-operated landslide early warning approach: Myanmar case study
Criteria | Requirements and comments | Questions | Yes/Nox |
---|---|---|---|
Geology/soil Presence of superficial deposits (fill or natural soil): Soil type Thickness (estimate) Presence of ground water | Materials that could develop a shear surface leading to mass movement during a failure event Must be able to drive a steel waveguide to required depth (i.e., typically at least 2 to 3 m) | S1—Is the slope covered in loose soil/dirt? | Yes/No |
S2—What is the size of the largest soil particle in metres? | m | ||
S3—Is the slope manmade from tipping of rubble? | Yes/No | ||
If yes, was the slope made in the last few years? | Yes/No | ||
S4—Is there evidence of water flowing out of the slope or ponding at the toe? | Yes/No | ||
S5—Do you think it would be possible to drive a steel tube/rod 2 to 3 m into the slope? | Yes/No | ||
Geometry of slope Height Slope angle Profile (i.e., steps) | Safe conditions for manual installation of waveguide, cover and sensor (e.g., not too steep) | G1—How high is the slope? |  |
Less than 10Â m | Yes/No | ||
10 to 20Â m | Yes/No | ||
Greater than 20Â m (if so, how high) | Yes/No | ||
G2—How steep is the slope, could you walk up it: |  | ||
Easily? | Yes/No | ||
With difficulty? | Yes/No | ||
Not at all? | Yes/No | ||
G3—What would you estimate the angle of the slope to be? | ° | ||
Vegetation Type Coverage | No restrictions on activities Unrestricted wireless connection and solar radiation | V1—What type of vegetation covers the slope? |  |
None | Yes/No | ||
Grass | Yes/No | ||
Small bushes | Yes/No | ||
Trees | Yes/No | ||
V2—Does the vegetation obstruct the view across the slope when standing at the toe or top? | Yes/No | ||
Location and access Vehicle access to vicinity of slope Access for people and materials | Safety of access to site and onto the slope for installation and maintenance | L1—Is the slope close to a road or track for vehicles? |  |
Near top of slope | Yes/No | ||
Near toe of slope | Yes/No | ||
L2—Will it be easy to carry materials onto the slope? | Yes/No | ||
Stability of slope Evidence of historical instability Potential for future instability Likely mechanism(s) of failure | Reasonable expectations that a slope failure could occur in the next 1 year, with assessment based on failure frequency of comparable slopes in the vicinity | St1—Does it look like there have been any recent movements of material on the slope? |  |
Is there any soil debris at the toe of the slope? | Yes/No | ||
Is the slope profile uneven, indicating local slumps of material? | Yes/No | ||
Are there any cracks behind the top of the slope or on the slope? | Yes/No | ||
Are there any steep steps in the slope profile? | Yes/No | ||
St2—Does the slope look more uneven and/or disturbed compared to similar slopes nearby? | Yes/No | ||
Community interest Permissions for slope access Potential interest and engagement Management of system Hosting of base station Receipt and use of alarm information Site for location for base station | Government permissions in place A community that could be affected by a slope failure Focus on risk to infrastructure rather than directly on people Willing to host, operate and maintain the system Willing to share experiences and provide feedback | C1—Is there any infrastructure (e.g., housing, roads, water supply pipes) that could be damaged by failure of the slope (record the type of infrastructure and provide a sketch of its location relative to the slope): |  |
At the toe? | Yes/No | ||
At the crest? | Yes/No | ||
On the slope? | Yes/No | ||
C2—Is it likely that government permission will be granted to work at the location of the slope? | Yes/No | ||
C3—Is there a youth group living near the slope that could be trained to operate the sensors? | Yes/No | ||
Health & Safety considerations Risk assessments required Safety of staff Constraints on installation and operation | Permissions for travel to site obtained from employers Site geometry/ conditions must not put site operatives at risk | H1—Is it safe to visit the site and surrounding area? | Yes/No |
H2—Is it safe to walk to and work on the site? | Yes/No | ||
x Support your answers with photographs and video clips of the slope and surrounding area, and provide additional comments and sketches to help explain answers you have given | Â |